MN7181 - People and Organizations- Blog 5 (HRM and the Design of Work) - New forms of employment

New forms of employment

When it comes to HRM , the job design plays a vital role in enhancing the effectiveness  of the performance, motivation of the employees built through flexibility and clear communication of the work expectation , also helps the employer too.  As per Robertson and Smith (1985) as cited by   (Armstrong, 2006) the major principles of job design is as below,

• ·        To provide opportunities for people to accomplish several tasks & to influence skill variety.
• ·        To combine tasks and to form ordinary units of work – this influence the task identity.
• ·        With the natural work units, to communicate the employees the importance of the tasks given- which influence significance of the tasks.
• ·        To influence job autonomy- to inform the employees to govern their own set of tasks.
• ·        To establish a healthy relationship and a two way communication between employer employee, which is to influence the feedback.

• With the development of technology, society and the lifestyles traditional employment styles has also been evolved. There are some new forms of development can be observed in many industries which has created many job opportunities and brought up effectiveness in job roles.

As per (Irene Mandl, 2015)   the project conducted in 2000 has identified the following new forms of employment and as explained as below,

·     Employee sharing, where an individual worker is jointly hired by a group of employers to meet the HR needs of various companies, this form results in a full time employment nature.

·     Interim management, in which highly skilled experts are hired temporarily for a specific project or to solve a specific problem, thereby integrating external management capacities in the work organization;

• Job sharing is when a two or more jobs part time jobs are combined and hire two more workers are recruited to do the job.

• Casual work, where an employee is not in bound with the employer, but called to the job upon the requirement raised.

• ICT-based mobile work is supported with the modern technology where the employee can work anywhere and anytime they wish to in order to comply with the tasks given by the employer.

·                    Voucher-based work, where the employment relationship is based on payment for services with a voucher, and the voucher is  purchased from an authorized organization covering both pay and social security contributions;

• Portfolio work, where a self-employed individual works for a large number of clients, doing small-scale jobs for each of them;

• crowd employment, is referred to when employee and employers are dealt in on an online platform. This is often with a load of larger tasks are  being divided among workers as a “ virtual cloud”.

 • Collaborative employment, where freelancers, the self-employed or micro enterprises cooperate in some way to overcome limitations of size and professional isolation.

The pluses and minuses of the various new forms of the jobs has been addressed by   Mandle, 2015 for different types such as,

Working conditions differ from for difference forms, such as freelancers and the self-employed; portfolio work, crowd employment and collaborative employment can bring a richer mix of tasks through diversification. Whereas when it comes to Voucher-based work entails some job insecurity, social and professional isolation as well as limited access to personnel services such as the offer of further training, but it does offer an improvement as regards social protection and might result in higher remuneration.

When it comes to labor market effects, employee sharing, job sharing and interim management seem to be the most beneficial, while casual work can be considered as the most disadvantageous for the affected workers.

The below axis shows the new forms of employment placed as per Labour market and Working conditions

Figure 01: (Research Gate)

Having been above new avenues of employment observed, it was understood as a learning outcome for me, the forms of employments has been complex compared to the traditional day’s employments which we have observed in our day to day life. Having the world connected to each other in many concerns such as Internet, Technology the working patterns also observed as become more sophisticated. The new forms are supporting the effectiveness and also tallying with the fast track lifestyle and the demand of today’s business.

Reference

Armstrong, M. (2006). The Hand Book of Human Resource Management (10th ed.). Great Britain: Kogan Page.

Irene Mandl, w. M. (2015). New forms of employment (2013) and New forms of employment relationships –. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2015.

Research Gate. (n.d.). Retrieved 09 13, 2018, from Google: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Assessment-of-implications-of-new-forms-of-employment-for-working-conditions-and-the_fig16_315867989